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Latin American keyboard layout on IBus for Debian Bullseye doesn't work; Spanish layout is applied instead

_The following question was asked by SE user [RAKK](https://unix.stackexchange.com/users/47085). The original source can be found [here](https://unix.stackexchange.com/q/675733/135504)._

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I am running Debian 11 Bullseye for AMD64 on an HP Pavillion Touch 14-N009LA laptop, using IBus and MATE as desktop environment, having upgraded recently from Buster. Prior to upgrading point release, I could use the Latin American keyboard layout with IBus; afterwards, I am no longer able to do so.

The Keyboard Preferences app on MATE Control Center shows the Latin American Spanish layout, and I can manually set it with `setxkbmap latam` on a terminal (before IBus kicks in and replaces it), but on IBus I am only presented with the "Spanish" keyboard, which corresponds to the Spaniard Spanish keyboard that has different punctuation keys; there is no option for "Latin American" or anything similar.

Running `ibus list-engine` gives me the following output, in which I can't see the Latin American Spanish layout, and no matches for `latam` or anything similar:

    /* irrelevant languages omitted> */

    language: Spanish
      xkb:es:nodeadkeys:spa - Spanish (no dead keys)
      xkb:es:sundeadkeys:spa - Spanish (Sun dead keys)
      xkb:es:winkeys:spa - Spanish (Windows)
      xkb:es:dvorak:spa - Spanish (Dvorak)
      xkb:es:deadtilde:spa - Spanish (dead tilde)
      xkb:es:mac:spa - Spanish (Macintosh)
      xkb:es::spa - Spanish
    
    /* irrelevant languages omitted */

So far I could only find [a guide that only seems to apply to Ubuntu](https://askubuntu.com/q/1014585), and [the Arch Linux guide for IBus](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/IBus#Other_desktop_environments).

The former guide suggested that maybe I had to generate a Spanish locale for my system, which I did by uncommenting the `es-MX` locales from `/etc/locale.gen` and then running `locale-gen`. Afterwards, I rebooted my system. It didn't work.

Any other idea on how could I use the Latin American Spanish layout on IBus for Debian Bullseye?