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MySQL is not fully open source and maintained by a corporation which was at one time regarded as very evil (there are much worse ones now). Debian is trying to protect you from yourself by not letting you install it.

MariaDB is a project developed from forked MySQL code, and designed to be a drop in replacement for MySQL in such situations. Debian wants you to use that instead. It's not a bad idea.

You can also run a [Docker image of MySQL](https://hub.docker.com/_/mysql/), if you discover some obscure bug where something works in MySQL but not in MariaDB.