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Q&A

General Q&A about Linux and Unix-like operating systems

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How to overwrite each line with the next one?

I wrote a filter program to overwrite each line with the next one. $ cat /usr/local/bin/ovr #!/bin/sh sed '2,$s/^/\x1B[1A\x1B[K/'; Here's the behavior: $ echo | ovr $ echo 'foo' | ovr ...

1 answer  ·  posted 1d ago by alx‭  ·  last activity 13h ago by r~~‭

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How to list the first x files in each directory

MWE With the following tree: l1 └── l2 ├── d0 │   ├── f0 │   ├── f1 │   ├── f2 │   ├── f3 │   ├── f4 │   └── f5 ├── d1 │   ├── f0 │   ├── f1 ...

1 answer  ·  posted 1d ago by young_souvlaki‭  ·  edited 18h ago by young_souvlaki‭

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Ergonomic way to search man pages

You often have to read man pages to use Linux/Unix software. However, many man pages are not easy to read. They are very long, not always conveniently arranged, and man does not appear to have any ...

3 answers  ·  posted 1mo ago by matthewsnyder‭  ·  last activity 1d ago by alx‭

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How to get a mailto: URI out of abook(1)

I store my address book with abook(1). https://manpages.debian.org/bookworm/abook/abook.1.en.html Let's say I want to introduce some contact in some field that accepts the usual name <email&gt...

1 answer  ·  posted 10d ago by alx‭  ·  last activity 4d ago by alx‭

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How does the root user locate executables?

A little while ago I was helping someone with running Python in a virtual environment, as root, for some specific purpose. I determined easily enough that this requires explicitly specifying the pa...

1 answer  ·  posted 10d ago by Karl Knechtel‭  ·  last activity 10d ago by r~~‭

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Higher-order functions in Bash?

Say I have some Bash function my-func, that expects a filename and does some processing on the corresponding file. For demonstration purposes, my-func() { cat "$1"; } If I want to apply that fu...

1 answer  ·  posted 11d ago by Karl Knechtel‭  ·  last activity 11d ago by Kamil Maciorowski‭

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How to identify and separate standalone applications from libraries in Linux package lists?

I want to generate a list of trending Arch/AUR packages that focuses on user-facing applications rather than background libraries and dependencies. I wrote a script that uses the data from pkgstat...

0 answers  ·  posted 13d ago by ShadowsRanger‭  ·  edited 13d ago by ShadowsRanger‭

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Why does $XDG_DATA_HOME default to ~/.local/share?

Why does XDG_DATA_HOME default to ~/.local/share? Why not something less cryptic, like ~/.data? Why did they decide use that path?

1 answer  ·  posted 14d ago by matthewsnyder‭  ·  last activity 14d ago by r~~‭

xdg
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Nvidia docker runtime: Failed to create task for container

I installed the Nvidia container toolkit so I can use GPU acceleration in Docker containers. However, I can't get the containers to work: $ sudo docker run --runtime=nvidia nvidia/cuda:12.2.0-base...

1 answer  ·  posted 22d ago by matthewsnyder‭  ·  last activity 14d ago by matthewsnyder‭

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How to see all header fields of an email in mutt?

Neomutt (and probably Mutt too, but I didn't try) seems to be hiding header fields from email, such as the Message-ID field, and fields that are added by SMTP servers when they receive the message....

1 answer  ·  posted 17d ago by alx‭  ·  edited 14d ago by matthewsnyder‭

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+2 −0
How can I get a Flatpak dependency graph?

flatpak uninstall --unused currently tells me that there is Nothing unused to uninstall. This seems wrong to me, based on the list of packages I see vs. the "root" packages I explicitly installed p...

0 answers  ·  posted 16d ago by Karl Knechtel‭

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Can I make a compressed RAM drive and externally prepare a (pre-)compressed file to copy onto it?

I don't know what these things are called exactly in the Linux world. But there is the concept of a drive in RAM, to write files onto and read them like it was any disk drive. There is also the c...

1 answer  ·  posted 2y ago by CanisSomnolentus‭  ·  edited 20d ago by Quasímodo‭

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What are the concrete security risks of forcibly terminating a process?

I'm using the Gnome System Monitor in Linux Mint. Whenever I attempt to "End" or "Kill" a process, I am given this warning via a modal dialog (emphasis mine): Killing a process may destroy data,...

1 answer  ·  posted 21d ago by Karl Knechtel‭  ·  last activity 21d ago by matthewsnyder‭

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Are NixOS and Guix analogous projects?

From what I can tell, both NixOS and Guix are built around a package manager which, instead of installing package into the "common environment" as is traditional, isolates them to mitigate issues a...

1 answer  ·  posted 25d ago by matthewsnyder‭  ·  last activity 25d ago by r~~‭

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+2 −0
How do I tweak the start parameters of GUI apps?

There are many GUI apps on my computer that show up as eg. items in the start menu. When I launch these, what if I want to control how exactly they are launched, such as setting environment variabl...

1 answer  ·  posted 26d ago by matthewsnyder‭  ·  last activity 26d ago by matthewsnyder‭

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+1 −0
How to fix DPI for Spotify

Spotify runs on my computer with higher DPI (bigger UI elements) than I'd like. How can I reduce it?

1 answer  ·  posted 26d ago by matthewsnyder‭  ·  last activity 26d ago by matthewsnyder‭

60%
+1 −0
How do I find files?

How can I search for files on my system? Ideally, I would like to search by various criteria, like date, name, extension, etc.

1 answer  ·  posted 26d ago by matthewsnyder‭  ·  last activity 26d ago by matthewsnyder‭

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+1 −0
How do I globally configure consistent DPI for GUI apps?

How do I configure my system so that all GUI apps use a consistent DPI, without configuring each app individually?

0 answers  ·  posted 26d ago by matthewsnyder‭

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+0 −0
How do you terminate a DHCP lease in OpenWrt?

I am testing some DHCP stuff, and I want to manually end a lease so I don't have to wait hours for them to expire. How can I do this with OpenWrt?

1 answer  ·  posted 28d ago by matthewsnyder‭  ·  last activity 28d ago by matthewsnyder‭

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How to get a new IP address from DHCP?

How do I make my computer request a new IP from DHCP? I am using Arch with NetworkManager.

1 answer  ·  posted 28d ago by matthewsnyder‭  ·  last activity 28d ago by matthewsnyder‭

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Static IP on wired LAN

I have an Arch Linux machine connected to a LAN by ethernet. The router runs OpenWRT. DHCP assigns IPs to this machine like 192.168.1.* - quite typical. I want the IP to always be 192.168.1.10. I...

2 answers  ·  posted 2mo ago by matthewsnyder‭  ·  last activity 28d ago by matthewsnyder‭

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Dnsmasq vs. dnscrypt-proxy

I am trying to run a DNS server on my LAN. I set it up where: Dnsmasq is the "initial" server that clients see Dnsmasq resolves internal domains, and handles overrides (such as if I want to blo...

0 answers  ·  posted 28d ago by matthewsnyder‭

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Documentation for double asterisk glob expansion

Where can I find documentation on double asterisk in glob expansion? It is discussed in the .gitignore section of Pro Git. It works in ls **/* to list all terminal files. It is supported by py...

2 answers  ·  posted 28d ago by young_souvlaki‭  ·  last activity 28d ago by Kamil Maciorowski‭

66%
+2 −0
Where does GtkFileChooserDialog store bookmarks?

I have some bookmarked folders in GtkFileChooserDialog. I want to add these to my dotfiles. Where are the bookmarks stored?

1 answer  ·  posted 1mo ago by matthewsnyder‭  ·  last activity 1mo ago by Quasímodo‭

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+1 −0
Run a command *later*

How can I run a command later? I'm looking for a CLI way to schedule a command to be run later. I know that I could create a systemd timer, install it, activate it... That is too much work. I want...

2 answers  ·  posted 1mo ago by matthewsnyder‭  ·  last activity 1mo ago by Canina‭

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+2 −0
Highlight regions in an image with CLI

I have an image (a photo) and I want to highlight certain parts of this. I want to do this from the CLI. I am planning to store the pixel coordinates of polygon vertices in a file, and when I run ...

2 answers  ·  posted 1mo ago by matthewsnyder‭  ·  last activity 1mo ago by samcarter‭

71%
+3 −0
Treat underscores as word boundaries in terminal using vim mode

Question How do you specify underscores as Vim word boundaries when using vim mode in either bash or zsh? MWE w on this_word should place the cursor on the underscore. A second w should place th...

1 answer  ·  posted 8mo ago by young_souvlaki‭  ·  last activity 1mo ago by r~~‭

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Starts systemd service and follow log

I can start services with systemctl start. I can see logs with systemctl status or journalctl. But by the time I run the second the process has already started. I'd like to start a service and imme...

2 answers  ·  posted 2mo ago by matthewsnyder‭  ·  last activity 1mo ago by AdminBee‭

71%
+3 −0
Internet connection and touchpad not working on Ubuntu 22.04 after a force shut down

After a force shutdown on Ubuntu 22.04, installed on a Lenovo Legion 5, the OS seems to have lost its ability to recognize the built-in touchpad or to connect to the internet. For the backstory......

1 answer  ·  posted 2mo ago by Mithical‭  ·  last activity 1mo ago by matthewsnyder‭

60%
+1 −0
Do I have to update Guix frequently like Arch?

Guix is a rolling release distro. Another well known rolling release distro is Arch Linux. In Arch, you are expected to frequently do system updates. Partial updates are not supported. In my exper...

0 answers  ·  posted 1mo ago by matthewsnyder‭  ·  edited 1mo ago by matthewsnyder‭

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Do you still need to update archlinux-keyring before pacman -Syu?

For some time pacman used to have a problem where: Occasionally Arch maintainers introduce new GPG keys They start signing packages with the keys Your local pacman doesn't receive these until ...

0 answers  ·  posted 1mo ago by matthewsnyder‭

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Low impact trial installation of Guix to test hardware compatibility

I like how Guix sounds based on what I've read, and I want to try it. However, my partitioning scheme is a bit complicated. With Guix it appears like my biggest concern is hardware (I will regretta...

0 answers  ·  posted 2mo ago by matthewsnyder‭

77%
+5 −0
Copy to clipboard from terminal with Vim bindings

Question How do I copy to clipboard from terminal with yy, assuming it's configured to use Vim bindings? I am using zsh with bindkey -v. MWE Enter something on the commandline (without pressi...

2 answers  ·  posted 7mo ago by young_souvlaki‭  ·  last activity 2mo ago by Mithical‭

71%
+3 −0
What does `emerge --update --newuse --deep @world` have to do with package removal?

In Debian-based distributions, one can update the system with apt upgrade and cleanup unused dependencies with apt autoremove. Period. On Gentoo that is apparently not as straightforward. From G...

0 answers  ·  posted 2y ago by Quasímodo‭  ·  last activity 2mo ago by Mithical‭

66%
+2 −0
VPN tunnel for outgoing connections but still allowing incoming bidirectional connections, using Wireguard or OpenVPN on Linux

For a particular use case, I need to be able to set up a Linux host (specifically Debian) to use a VPN tunnel for routing outgoing connections, but still allow incoming connections outside of that ...

0 answers  ·  posted 1y ago by Canina‭  ·  last activity 2mo ago by Mithical‭

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+2 −0
Why do many Windows games fail when the network is sandboxed?

I run Windows games with Wine, and use bwrap to sandbox them. I've noticed that passing --unshare-net to disable the network breaks many, many games (they fail to start with no obvious error messag...

0 answers  ·  posted 4mo ago by matthewsnyder‭  ·  last activity 2mo ago by Mithical‭

60%
+1 −0
Postgres 15.3 fails to create new tablespace (could not set permissions)

I am unable to create new tablespaces on a fresh Postgres 15.3 installation on Ubuntu 22.04. I tried the following so far: re-install Postgres fully loosen file system permission disabled SELi...

0 answers  ·  posted 3mo ago by Luís de Sousa‭  ·  last activity 2mo ago by Mithical‭

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+0 −0
How to create systemd unit that depends on a website being up?

I'm going to write some systemd services. All of these can only be run if a certain website is up. I thought I could create a ~/.config/systemd/user/website.service this: [Unit] Description=Confi...

0 answers  ·  posted 2mo ago by matthewsnyder‭  ·  last activity 2mo ago by Mithical‭

71%
+3 −0
How can I show hidden files and folders (with leading dot in name) on the desktop (actual desktop, not a window)?

I am using Linux Mint 20.3, with Cinnamon as a window manager. I have a folder named .pytest_cache on my Desktop: $ ls -1A | grep '^\.' .pytest_cache I know that if I open a Nemo window, navi...

0 answers  ·  posted 2mo ago by Karl Knechtel‭  ·  last activity 2mo ago by Mithical‭

71%
+3 −0
how to determine from the command line whether a DVD is encrypted

I am currently ripping a bunch of DVDs. Some are encrypted, and some are not. My method for ripping a DVD depends on whether or not it is encrypted, so I am looking for a command-line method to det...

0 answers  ·  posted 1y ago by Trevor‭  ·  last activity 2mo ago by Mithical‭

dvd
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+1 −0
How to reduce DPI of external monitor using xrandr

Have I have the DPI on my laptop set in .Xresources with Xft.dpi: 192. I am outputting to the external monitor with: xrandr --output HDMI-2 --auto --rotate left --right-of eDP-1 Want I want ...

0 answers  ·  posted 1y ago by young_souvlaki‭  ·  last activity 2mo ago by Mithical‭

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+1 −0
How do I make media keys work with PipeWire?

My keyboard has keys for mute, volume up, volume down. In i3wm, I used to have these bound with: bindsym XF86AudioRaiseVolume exec --no-startup-id pulsemixer --change-volume +10 --max-volume 100 ...

1 answer  ·  posted 3mo ago by matthewsnyder‭  ·  last activity 2mo ago by Mithical‭

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How to create ed25519 subkey in GPG?

At the moment GPG only offers the following options when generating a new subkey the with the addkey command: gpg> addkey Please select what kind of key you want: (3) DSA (sign only) (...

1 answer  ·  posted 2mo ago by Iizuki‭  ·  last activity 2mo ago by Iizuki‭

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+0 −0
How do you eval SSH agent output in fish?

SSH agent prints some envar commands for sourcing in a shell. However, these are bash-style, and I use fish. Fish barfs at the bash syntax. How can I fix it?

1 answer  ·  posted 2mo ago by matthewsnyder‭  ·  last activity 2mo ago by matthewsnyder‭

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+0 −0
SSH key added to agent, but keeps asking for password

I have my key added to ssh-agent and they show up in ssh-add -l. When I try to actually SSH to a host that requires the key, I still get prompted for a password. I enter it again and again and it s...

1 answer  ·  posted 2mo ago by matthewsnyder‭  ·  last activity 2mo ago by matthewsnyder‭

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How to securely erase data from a thumb (solid state) drive

How do you securely erase data from a thumb (USB/flash) drive? With traditional (magnetic/spinny) hard drives, it used to be that you could use various tools to simply overwrite with random data, ...

1 answer  ·  posted 2mo ago by matthewsnyder‭  ·  edited 2mo ago by matthewsnyder‭

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+2 −0
How to change the default app for opening directories in Gnome?

I somehow managed to unknowingly change the default app for opening directories on my laptop. E.g. when I use the option open containing folder in a program like Evince, my editor (vscode) opens u...

2 answers  ·  posted 2mo ago by mr Tsjolder‭  ·  last activity 2mo ago by matthewsnyder‭

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+1 −0
What does Gnome Disks "erase" do?

When formatting drives with Gnome Disks, there is an option to "Erase". The help text says this takes longer, but "completely" erases data. What exactly does this option do? Is there a CLI equival...

1 answer  ·  posted 2mo ago by matthewsnyder‭  ·  last activity 2mo ago by mr Tsjolder‭

71%
+3 −0
How to debug NetworkManager issue after suspend/resume in Ubuntu 22.04

****Since upgrading to Ubuntu 22.04 recently, immediately after a reboot I have WiFi to an internet hotspot as I did prior to upgrading. After suspend then resume, the network is no longer working...

2 answers  ·  posted 4mo ago by happyborg‭  ·  edited 2mo ago by happyborg‭

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+0 −0
How to let systemd user unit see keys in SSH agent?

I have a script that does git fetch for a repository. When I run this in my shell it works fine. I want to run it in a systemd user unit. However, I am using an SSH url, and the systemd unit fails...

0 answers  ·  posted 2mo ago by matthewsnyder‭